Conservation is the process of protecting Earth’s natural resources such as air, minerals, plants and water against degradation caused by overexploitation. It involves restoring ecological balance and fighting climate change, all of which benefit humans and other animals. Conservation also promotes sustainable methods such as afforestation, recycling and reducing energy consumption.
In a broader sense, it is the action of making something last; such as making a dollar stretch to cover all expenses or saving wood for firewood. The word was coined in the late 19th century as part of a backlash against industrialisation and uncontrolled capitalism. It has since evolved to include four key areas of conservation: environmental, animal, marine and human.
The environment includes the ecosystems and landscapes on which the world depends for its survival. From clean water to the food we eat, the world’s natural resources are essential for life and provide us with many benefits. Unfortunately, these resources are under threat because of the way we treat nature. Deforestation, pollution and the overexploitation of resources damage the natural world, affecting ecosystems, biodiversity and even human survival.
The good news is that every person can play a role in protecting the planet. It starts with small steps, such as reducing energy consumption, avoiding plastic waste and recycling paper. In the long term, people can also support environmental organisations and participate in conservation activities. Success stories such as reviving endangered species or preserving natural areas encourage more people to get involved.
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